India has launched its first domestically manufactured hydrogen-powered passenger train, a key step in modernising its extensive rail network and cutting transport emissions. Prime Minister Narendra Modi officially unveiled the ‘NaMo Green Rail’ service at Jind Junction in Haryana on 17 July, framing the initiative as part of a larger drive for clean energy and technological self‑reliance.
The train comprises two hydrogen‑powered driving cars and eight passenger coaches, reaching a top speed of roughly 75 km/h and accommodating about 2,600 passengers. It is intended for short‑ and medium‑distance routes, serving as a pilot to assess the practicality of hydrogen propulsion on sections of track that are not yet fully electrified. The programme also provides dedicated hydrogen production, storage and refuelling facilities, enabling engineers to test safety, efficiency and performance in real‑world conditions.
Hydrogen fuel cells generate electricity via a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, emitting only water vapour and heat as by‑products. Officials note that this clean output positions hydrogen fuel cells as a promising low‑emission alternative to the diesel locomotives still prevalent on many sections of India’s railway network.
The effort is part of India’s National Hydrogen Mission, which seeks to establish the nation as a leading global hub for green hydrogen production and utilisation. It also supports India’s wider climate objectives, including a goal of net‑zero carbon emissions by 2070.
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