Navigating Hazards: Gulf States’ Strategies to Mitigate Strait of Hormuz Risks

Iran’s threats to shipping through the Strait of Hormuz — in response to the U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran that began on Feb. 28 — effectively closed the strait, sending economic shockwaves around the world. As part of negotiations between Tehran and Washington, Iran has eased restrictions, and shipping traffic has picked up in recent days — albeit well below pre-war levels. Whatever the outcome of negotiations, Iran has clearly demonstrated its ability to shut down the strait. It could happen again. That reality significantly increases incentives for many countries to reduce their reliance on the strait.

We consulted five experts to analyze how key regional actors are adapting — and what proactive measures they should prioritize. The geopolitical volatility underscores the urgency for diversified energy infrastructure and market resilience strategies.

Gulf states, in particular, are accelerating efforts to develop alternative supply routes. A new pipeline to Fujairah, set to connect Abu Dhabi’s offshore fields by 2027, exemplifies this shift. Saudi Arabia is investing in cross-country transportation networks and transforming Neom — a coastal Red Sea city — into an industrial hub and deepwater port. Both QatarEnergy and ADNOC are expanding overseas partnerships in upstream and midstream energy projects.

While current responses remain fragmented at the national level, experts suggest that deeper Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) coordination could enhance collective security and economic integration. However, achieving such unity would depend on political will and shared risk mitigation frameworks that address long-term vulnerabilities.

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