Putin’s Scorched-Earth Tactics Inflict Devastating Toll on Ukraine

Over a quarter-century in power, Vladimir Putin has launched three wars, each driven by a desire to restore Russia’s global standing through military conquest. Every conflict opened with a blitzkrieg-style offensive designed to achieve rapid victory. Yet each campaign — beginning with the 1999-2009 war in Chechnya — has devolved into prolonged, grinding warfare marked by the systematic destruction of urban centers.

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